Occurrence of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul
Spatial dynamics from 2008 to 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53455/re.v5i1.223Keywords:
Health geography, environmental changes, neglected disease, information systems, anthropozoonosisAbstract
Context: Leishmaniasis, classified as an anthropozoonosis, is caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus. It is subdivided into visceral clinical form (LV), which affects internal organs, and American tegumentary (ATL), which involves skin and mucous membranes. Of the cases reported in Latin America, 90% occur in Brazil. Until the 1980s, the disease was confined to rural areas, in states of the northeastern region and in the municipality of Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul. The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial dynamics of the occurrence of Visceral and Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, from 2008 to 2022. Methods: We used public data from the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), for the years 2008 to 2022. The data were divided into three five-year periods, according to the Health Macroregion (MRGS) / Municipality of Residence, for both clinical forms. Results: 2751 confirmed cases of LV were reported in Mato Grosso do Sul, with 78.70% located in the MRGS of Campo Grande. 1925 cases of ATL were registered, with 65% located in the MRGS Campo Grande. It was observed that, over the five-year periods, there was a decrease in municipalities with the highest transmission rates of LV and LT. Considering that Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease, it is essential to invest in health education actions and in the training of health teams to increase public awareness.
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